EAN: 9783030706449

HISTORY OF COMPUTING AUTOMATING LINGUISTICS -...

Automating Linguistics offers an in-depth study of the history of the mathematisation and
automation of the sciences of language. In the wake of the first mathematisation of the 1930s 
two waves followed: machine translation in the 1950s and the development of computational
linguistics and natural language processing in the 1960s. These waves were pivotal given the
work of large computerised corpora in the 1990s and the unprecedented technological development
of computers and software.Early machine translation was devised as a war technology originating
in the sciences of war  amidst the amalgamate of mathematics  physics  logics  neurosciences 
acoustics  and emerging sciences such as cybernetics and information theory. Machine
translation was intended to provide mass translations for strategic purposes during the Cold
War. Linguistics  in turn  did not belong to the sciences of war  and played a minor role in
the pioneering projects of machine translation.Comparing the two trends  the present book
reveals how the sciences of language gradually integrated the technologies of computing and
software  resulting in the second-wave mathematisation of the study of language  which may be
called mathematisation-automation. The integration took on various shapes contingent upon
cultural and linguistic traditions (USA  ex-USSR  Great Britain and France). By contrast 
working with large corpora in the 1990s  though enabled by unprecedented development of
computing and software  was primarily a continuation of traditional approaches in the sciences
of language sciences  such as the study of spoken and written texts  lexicography  and
statistical studies of vocabulary.

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