A constant re-evaluation of the new archaeological and textual material unearthed and edited in
recent decades is a recurrent duty of ancient and modern scholars. Since the overwhelming
amount of available data and the complexity of new methodologies can be competently handled
only by specialized scholars such a re-evaluation is no longer possible for a single scholar.
For this reason archaeologists cuneiform and biblical scholars as well as classicists joined
forces at an international conference in Rome in May 2017 to share their accumulated knowledge.
The results of the proceedings are presented here in the oral stage along with the Assyrian
Babylonian Persian and Greco-Roman periods.
