This book provides a comprehensive review of the biogeochemistry in the Baltic Sea. It is based
on the fact that biogeochemical processes that are relevant for the ecological state of the
Baltic Sea (and other sea areas) are all in some way related to the production and
mineralization of organic matter (biomass) and thus are associated with the consumption or
release of CO2. The significant progress with regard to our chemical analytical capabilities
concerning the marine CO2 system has facilitated new approaches to study the Baltic Sea
biogeochemistry in particular with regard to a quantitative process understanding. To
demonstrate this the authors present the fundamentals of the marine CO2 system in a
theoretically sound but still intelligible way. This is followed by a comprehensive
presentation of our current knowledge about the CO2 system in the Baltic Sea and the
implications for our understanding of biogeochemical processes such as production
mineralization of organic matter and the stoichiometry involved nitrogen fixation
denitrification and phosphate transformations at varying redox conditions. Finally the CO2
gas exchange balance and related problems such as acidification are addressed.
