This book reveals aspects of the rise and fall of the European and Iranian Left their
conceptualization of Marxism and ideological formations. Questions regarding the Left and
Marxism within two seemingly different economic political and intellectual and cultural
contexts require comprehensive comparative histories of the two settings. This project
investigates the intellectual transformations which the European and Iranian Left have
experienced after the Russian Revolution to the present. It examines the impacts of these
transformations on their conceptualizations of history and revolution domination and ideology
emancipation and universality democracy and equality. The monograph will appeal to researchers
scholars and graduate students in the fields of political science Middle Eastern and European
studies political history and comparative politics.
