Judicial review the power of courts to check government actions against the constitution is a
cornerstone of constitutional democracies. Examining its history and global applications
reveals its importance in safeguarding constitutions.In the United States judicial review
emerged from the landmark Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison (1803). This established the
principle that courts can strike down laws deemed unconstitutional. Judicial review has since
played a vital role in protecting individual rights ensuring government accountability and
interpreting the evolving meaning of the Constitution.Across the globe judicial review takes
various forms. In some countries it is concentrated in supreme courts while others have
dedicated constitutional courts. Regardless of structure judicial review serves a similar
purpose: upholding the constitution as the supreme law.Studying judicial review comparatively
allows us to understand its strengths and weaknesses. It fosters respect for the rule of law
and can prevent abuses of power. However concerns exist about judicial activism and unelected
judges making law.Ultimately judicial review remains a critical tool for safeguarding
constitutions ensuring government operates within constitutional bounds and protecting
fundamental rights
