EAN: 9783642287589

MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR EVACUATION PLANNING IN ...

Disasters like floods  hurricanes  chemical or nuclear accidents may cause the necessity to
evacuate the affected area. The evacuation of the urban area needs to be planned carefully. One
issue is the reorganization of the traffic routing. Congested urban areas have usually complex
street networks that are composed of many intersections with streets connecting them. The
population density of a congested urban area is usually high and the street network is already
used to capacity during rush hour traffic. The considered problem of this work is the
reorganization of the traffic routing of an urban area for the case of an emergency mass
evacuation. Especially aspects of the evacuation like safety  avoidance of delays and the total
system travel time are taken into account. Combinatorial and graph theoretical aspects are
adapted for the evacuation problem and highlight issues concerning especially conflicts within
intersections. This work gives an extensive summary of literature of evacuation of urban areas.
Mixed-integer linear programming models are developed for evacuation problems and heuristic
algorithms are provided and tested.

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