In this volume Prof. Ye and his coworkers propose and review the concept of nano-bio probe
design for biochemical analysis on the basis of their recent published works. A unique
biochemical analysis technology based on fluorescence polarization enhanced by nanoparticles is
described here with successful applications in environmental monitoring rapid and sensitive
sensing protease activity and high-throughput screening of inhibitors. Furthermore they
introduce a versatile molecular beacon (MB)-like probe for the multiplex sensing of targets
such as sequence-specific DNA protein metal ions and small molecule compounds based on the
self-assembled biomolecule-graphene conjugates. Besides some colorimetric and luminescence
probes utilizing metal nanoparticles for biochemical applications are also presented such as
chiral enantiomer discrimination and separation environmental monitoring clinic diagnosis and
etc.