EAN: 9783709185735

THE NATURE AND ORGANIZATION OF RETROVIRAL GENES...

l RNA tumor viruses have become increasingly utilized in studies of cellular transformation and
gene regulation. The genes of retroviruses exist in two forms  as extrachromosomal 
RNA-containing  infectious particles and as DNA pro­ 2 viruses stably associated with cell
genes. Components from the extracellular form can be collected in large quantity and purified
for the preparation of molec­ ular probes. These probes can be used to dissect the sequence of
events required for the establishment and expression of the integrated form. Furthermore the 2
genomes of retroviruses originated from normal cell genes  genes called virogenes ¿ The nucleic
acid and protein probes isolated from these viruses are therefore useful for studying the
nature and expression of this normal cell gene and in elucidating the physiological role of its
products. RNA tumor viruses perhaps offer us one of the most complete sets of biochemical
reagents and biological responses for examining gene regulation in vertebrates and for studying
the consequences of aberrant gene regulation on cell growth in tissue culture and in animals.
Further­ more  there is an increasing conviction that virogenes play an important role in
normal development and or differentiation (RISSER  STOCKERT and OLD  1978). Consequently  there
is a growing feeling that DNA proviruses are altered viro­ genes and are capable of interfering
with normal development or differentiation  causing reprogrammed growth or the incapacity to
specialize.

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