This book provides a theoretical empirical and pragmatic understanding of social dilemmas
(SDs). A SD is a social situation where cooperation maximizing collective or social profit is
different from defection maximizing individual profit. Problems arise when too many group
members choose to pursue individual profit and immediate satisfaction rather than behave in the
group¿s best long-term interests. The problems include an environmental problem and various
types of urban economic and political problems. Most books treating SDs are not monographs
but are proceedings or omnibus volumes written by different researchers. Few monographs have
been published for SDs but those few deal only with basic theories and empirical findings.
This book by contrast is a monograph by a single author and provides complete coverage from
basic theories in Part I to applied theories and pragmatic solutions for urban transportation
and environmental problems in Parts II and III. Various types of strategies are proposed in
this book to overcome the problems caused by SDs in various situations based on the basic
theories of those dilemmas. The strategies are psychological and structural ones. The book
includes theories empirical evidence in experiments and practical policies in the real world
for these strategies. Thus the work effectively provides a bridge between basic behavioral
scientists applied behavioral scientists and practitioners. With this useful source basic
scientists will understand how to apply their scientific knowledge to the real world and also
will encounter new scientific problems that should be solved scientifically. Applied
researchers and specialists will become familiar with new solutions through basic research on
SDs and will be made aware of new pragmatic problems that should be solved with a practical
approach.
