This book adopts a multi-method and multi-phase approach to investigate the washback effects of
Test for English Majors (TEM) on program administrators teachers and students shedding new
light on TEM reform and the reform of English teaching and learning in China. TEM a nationwide
test used to measure the language proficiency of undergraduate English majors in China is a
major standardized test taken by nearly 400 000 students every year. The book's key features
include: an in-depth discussion of the nature of washback and a framework for investigating it
a multi-method and multi-phase approach employing both the quantitative method of
questionnaire surveys and the qualitative methods of interviews and classroom observations
large-scale questionnaire surveys conducted among experts program administrators teachers and
students and involving over 30 000 participants detailed assessments of TEM's washback
effects on stakeholders' perceptions classroom teaching practice students learning activities
etc. and essential insights into testing and teaching reforms.
