Population genomics has revolutionized various disciplines of biology including population
evolutionary ecological and conservation genetics plant and animal breeding human health
medicine and pharmacology by allowing to address novel and long-standing questions with
unprecedented power and accuracy. It employs large-scale or genome-wide genetic information and
bioinformatics to address various fundamental and applied aspects in biology and related
disciplines and provides a comprehensive genome-wide perspective and new insights that were
not possible before. These advances have become possible due to the development of new and
low-cost sequencing and genotyping technologies and novel statistical approaches and software
bioinformatics tools and models.Population genomics is tremendously advancing our
understanding the roles of evolutionary processes such as mutation genetic drift gene flow
and natural selection in shaping up genetic variation at individual loci andacross the genome
and populations improving the assessment of population genetic parameters or processes such as
adaptive evolution effective population size gene flow admixture inbreeding and outbreeding
depression demography and biogeography resolving evolutionary histories and phylogenetic
relationships of extant ancient and extinct species understanding the genomic basis of
fitness adaptation speciation complex ecological and economically important traits and
disease and insect resistance facilitating forensics genetic medicine and pharmacology
delineating conservation genetic units and understanding the genetic effects of resource
management practices and assisting conservation and sustainable management of genetic
resources.This Population Genomics book discusses the concepts approaches applications and
promises of population genomics in addressing most of the above fundamental and applied crucial
aspects in a variety of organisms from microorganisms to humans. The book provides insights
into a range of emerging population genomics topics including population epigenomics landscape
genomics seascape genomics paleogenomics ecological and evolutionary genomics biogeography
demography speciation admixture colonization and invasion genomic selection and plant and
animal domestication. This book fills a vacuum in the field and is expected to become a primary
reference in Population Genomics world-wide.
