This book presents the microscopic and macroscopic bark structure of more than 180 different
tree and shrub species from Europe Asia and North America. It is the first compendium to
demonstrate the anatomical variability in bark since almost 70 years (Holdheide 1951). The
introductory chapter explains with high-quality microphotographs the anatomical traits most
important for identification and ecological interpretation of barks and the monographic part
demonstrates in text and pictures the species-specific patterns. The species treatments are
grouped by their main biomes. Each species description first characterizes the macroscopic
aspects with its main form features and habitat with text and pictures of the whole plant and
the barks in a young and old stage. This is followed by the microscopical description of each
species. The microscopic photographs are based on double-stained slides revealing the quality
and distribution of unlignified and lignified tissues in low and high magnification. The book
fills a scientific gap: Archeologists and soil scientists want to identify prehistoric and
historical remnants. Ecophysiologists are interested in the distribution of conducting and
non-conducting tissues in the phloem and xylem along the stem axis and the internal longevity
of cells. Ecologists get information about internal defense mechanisms and technologists are
enabled to recognize indicators relevant in biophysics and technology.
