EAN: 9783031005077

SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ...

Segmentation and landmarking of computed tomographic (CT) images of pediatric patients are
important and useful in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD)  treatment planning  and objective
analysis of normal as well as pathological regions. Identification and segmentation of organs
and tissues in the presence of tumors are difficult. Automatic segmentation of the primary
tumor mass in neuroblastoma could facilitate reproducible and objective analysis of the tumor's
tissue composition  shape  and size. However  due to the heterogeneous tissue composition of
the neuroblastic tumor  ranging from low-attenuation necrosis to high-attenuation calcification
segmentation of the tumor mass is a challenging problem. In this context  methods are described
in this book for identification and segmentation of several abdominal and thoracic landmarks to
assist in the segmentation of neuroblastic tumors in pediatric CT images. Methods to identify
and segment automatically the peripheral artifacts and tissues  the rib structure  the
vertebral column  the spinal canal  the diaphragm  and the pelvic surface are described.
Techniques are also presented to evaluate quantitatively the results of segmentation of the
vertebral column  the spinal canal  the diaphragm  and the pelvic girdle by comparing with the
results of independent manual segmentation performed by a radiologist. The use of the landmarks
and removal of several tissues and organs are shown to assist in limiting the scope of the
tumor segmentation process to the abdomen  to lead to the reduction of the false-positive error
and to improve the result of segmentation of neuroblastic tumors. Table of Contents:
Introduction to Medical Image Analysis   Image Segmentation   Experimental Design and Database
Ribs  Vertebral Column  and Spinal Canal   Delineation of the Diaphragm   Delineation of the
Pelvic Girdle   Application of Landmarking   Concluding Remarks

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