After a major disaster when investigators are piecing together the story of what happened a
striking fact often emerges: before disaster struck some people in the organization involved
were aware of dangerous conditions that had the potential to escalate to a critical level. But
for a variety of reasons this crucial information did not reach decision-makers. So the
organization moved ever closer to catastrophe effectively unaware of the possible
threat-despite the fact that some of its employees could see it coming. What is the problem
with communication about risk in an organization and why does this problem exist? What stops
people in organizations or project teams from freely reporting and discussing critical risks?
This book seeks to answer these questions starting from a deep analysis of 20 disasters where
the concealment of risks played a major part. These case studies are drawn from around the
world and span a range of industries: civil nuclear power coal oil and gas production
hydropower energy metals and mining space exploration transport finance retail
manufacturing and even the response of governments to wars famines and epidemics. Together
case studies give an insight into why people hesitate to report risks-and even when they do
why their superiors often prefer to ignore the news. The book reviews existing research on the
challenges of voice and silence in organizations. This helps to explain more generally why
people dread passing on bad news to others-and why in the workplace they prefer to keep quiet
about unpleasant facts or potential risks when they are talking to superiors and colleagues.
The discussion section of the book includes important examples of concealment within the
Chinese state hierarchy as well as by leading epidemiologists and governments in the West
during the novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan in 2019-2020. The full picture of the very early
stage of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear and further research is obviously needed to
better understand what motivated some municipal provincial and national officials in China as
well as Western counterparts to obfuscate facts in their internal communications about many
issues associated with the outbreak.
