The 17th and 18th centuries have been regarded as one of the most exciting periods in the
history of Hungary and Transylvania. The wars of liberation to terminate the Ottoman occupation
the integration of the Transylvanian Principality into the Habsburg Empire after 150-years'
relative independence the colonisation of the uncultivated lands during the Ottoman rule the
re-organisation of daily life and Prince Francis (Ferenc) Rákóczi's independence war
(1703-1711) indicated serious challenges for the Habsburg Court in Vienna. This period
(1686−1711) felled serious duties to the Hungarian Catholic Church too. Prior to these duties
the process of Counter-Reformation in Hungary's eastern and northern regions was getting
increasingly under way: Orthodox Ruthenians and Romanians in Transylvania united with the Roman
Catholic Church. The bishops who were highly supported by the missionaries delegated from Rome
in order to re-organise the Hungarian Catholic Church's religious life re-appeared at the
seats of the abandoned dioceses after the 150-years' Ottoman occupation and nearly 110-years'
pressure from the strong Protestantism supported by the Princes of Transylvania. The Armenians'
church-union in Transylvania must be in fact analysed in this church-historical context. The
history of Armenians in Transylvania escaping from Moldavia and Podolia between 1668 and 1672
should be regarded practically as an undiscovered area from both the Hungarian and
international church-historical point of view. The church-union of the Armenians in
Transylvania is primarily associated with Bishop Oxendio Virziresco's (1654-1715) an Armenian
Uniate cleric educated at Collegium Urbanum in Rome missionary efforts. In this work I have
tried to look for evident responses to these afore-mentioned problems resting on the partly
discovered and undiscovered sources as well as analysing critically a few of secondary
literature.
