Christian theologies today struggle to make themselves relevant and respected in public
discussions. One reason is a tendency among theologians to restrict themselves to discussions
among their own. In this way they seldom contribute to discussions and make claims that are
heard as important for people not belonging to the world of faith and piety. This volume has
a different goal. The intention is to bring updated and critical contributions to how theology
can give substantial reflections relevant to a broader public. The volume takes its starting
point from ongoing international discussions on the universal. From post-colonial and
post-liberal positions one claim that universal claims are oppressive. There is a long history
of how universal pretentions covered for white male and European supremacy. For this reason
one argues that only positionalities from particular position are able to give hope and future
to oppressed people and environmental collapses. The contributions to this volume agree that
there are toxic universalities that need to be strongly criticized. There are however also
universalities that can defend the human and the nature. Scandinavian Creation Theology builds
these universalities from life as given and pre-theoretical experiences. Here there are
potentialities for future non-toxic universalities.
