EAN: 9783896466723

DIE HELLENISTISCHE BEFESTIGUNG VON SELEUKEIA GA...

The settlement hill of Umm Qays in an exposed location of NW-Jordan with a view of the Sea of
Galilee was identified as the decapolis city of Gadara as early as 1806 and has been excavated
since 1959. This 3rd volume after the Late Roman arch [OrA 21] and research 1987-2000 [OrA 28]
features the architectural and archaeological evidence  the strategic and military significance
and the constructive subtleties of the small Seleucid citadel. It is firmly dated [1st half 2nd
century B.C.] and well preserved in the east and south  while important city quarters remained
unfortified. Its BA and IA predecessor at Tall Zira'a is attested archaeologically  a Ptolemaic
fortress only by written sources. In the early 1st century the fortress was taken twice by
Hasmoneans  restored by Seleucids and Romans respectively  but eventually covered by up to 7 m
of soil and debris. The high-quality ashlar masonry in opus isodomum and pseudoisodomum
consisted of local limestone and was virtually jointlessly laid by means of anathyrosis and
gypsum mortar. Towers and pedestral are solid  upright walls with a core of plain stonework.
Gates and rectangular and pentagonal towers integrate both Seleucid and Ptolemaic
characteristics.

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