This research explores observed simulated and projected extreme climate indices from a
selection of different GCMs from CMIP5 ensemble for Pakistan at province level. The extreme
indices for observed simulated and projected climate are found and analysed on provincial
basis over the country. Pakistan has been facing shortages in both the power and water sector
which are the lifelines of the country. Significant increases in the maximum and minimum
temperatures over the country may affect such sectors drastically. Considerable increase in the
frequency and intensity of extreme weather events coupled with erratic monsoon rains may cause
frequent and intense floods and droughts in the region. Rising temperatures resulting in
enhanced heat and water-stressed conditions particularly in arid and semi-arid regions may
lead to reduced agricultural productivity. This report shall bring added value to all
stakeholders and policy makers in determining the hazards that extreme climate has brought in
the past and may bring in the near future.
