EAN: 9784431549031

ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESOURCES GEOCHEMISTRY OF EAR...

The Earth system consists of subsystems that include the atmosphere  hydrosphere (water) 
geosphere (rocks  minerals)  biosphere  and humans. In order to understand these subsystems and
their interactions  it is essential to clarify the mass transfer mechanism  geochemical cycle 
and influence of human activity on the natural environment. This book presents fundamental
theories (thermodynamics  kinetics  mass balance model  coupling models such as the
kinetics-fluid flow model  the box model  and others) concerning mechanisms in weathering 
formation of hydrothermal ore deposits  hydrothermal alteration  formation of groundwater
quality  and the seawater system. The interaction between fluids (atmosphere  water) and solid
phases (rocks  minerals) occurs both in low-temperature and also in high-temperature systems.
This book considers the complex low-temperature cycle with the high-temperature cycle  a
combination that has not been dealt with in previous books concerning Earth systems. Humanity
is a small part of the biosphere  however  human activities greatly influence Earth s surface
environments (atmosphere  hydrosphere  biosphere  soils  rocks). Thus  the influences of humans
on other subsystems  particularly mass transfer in the deep underground geologic environment
composed of host rocks and groundwater  are discussed in relation to high-level nuclear waste
geologic disposal and CO 2 underground sequestration topics that have not been included in
other books on environmental science.

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