EAN: 9783662498026

APPLIED RESEARCH OF QUANTUM INFORMATION BASED O...

This thesis reports on outstanding work in two main subfields of quantum information science:
one involves the quantum measurement problem  and the other concerns quantum simulation. The
thesis proposes using a polarization-based displaced Sagnac-type interferometer to achieve
partial collapse measurement and its reversal  and presents the first experimental verification
of the nonlocality of the partial collapse measurement and its reversal. All of the experiments
are carried out in the linear optical system  one of the earliest experimental systems to
employ quantum communication and quantum information processing. The thesis argues that quantum
measurement can yield quantum entanglement recovery  which is demonstrated by using the
frequency freedom to simulate the environment. Based on the weak measurement theory  the author
proposes that white light can be used to precisely estimate phase  and effectively demonstrates
that the imaginary part of the weak value can be introduced by means of weak measurement
evolution. Lastly  a nine-order polarization-based displaced Sagnac-type interferometer
employing bulk optics is constructed to perform quantum simulation of the Landau-Zener
evolution  and by tuning the system Hamiltonian  the first experiment to research the
Kibble-Zurek mechanism in non-equilibrium kinetics processes is carried out in the linear
optical system.

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