In this research an analytical method for electricity market participation and electrical
network integration of wind farms is proposed. The electricity market is cleared by an
innovative unit commitment. In addition to system and unit constraints the objective function
of the unit commitment is subjected to a novel emission constraint with adaptive emission cap
a network security constraint and a reliability constraint. For the purpose of inclusion of
wind farms in the unit commitment program a wind farm output power forecast uncertainty model
in order to assess adequacy of the generation system is developed. Based on the developed unit
commitment for electricity market participation of wind farms an optimized coordinated
operation strategy is designed in order to tackle obstacles in practical participation of wind
farms into energy markets where balancing penalties do exist. A coordinated operation strategy
in the framework of a virtual power plant (VPP) is developed. As a part of the VPP operation
it is shown how aggregated electric vehicles (EVs) which are scheduled for optimized charging
by the VPP can react locally on the incidents in the network by provision of primary control
reserve. This way EVs can contribute to network integration of wind farms. It is shown by
simulation how the immediate response of EVs by local droop control enhances the effectiveness
of EVs' contribution to the power system stability.As a distribution network level resource of
the VPP a Power Park is designed and introduced. Distributed energy resources are included in
the Power Park. A method toassess positive and negative energy reserves to compensate for
forecast uncertainty of renewable power generation is developed. An optimized scheduling method
is devised in order to enhance the overall revenue of operation of the Power Park. The VPP
aggregates Power Parks and makes them visible for the energy market and ancillary service
market.
