EAN: 9781493930692

GENOMIC ELEMENTS IN HEALTH DISEASE AND EVOLUTIO...

Over 98% of the human genome contains non-coding DNA sequences. For many years molecular
biologists referred to this component of the genome as the junk DNA since it does not code for
any useful protein product. Over the last years this notion changed significantly as scientists
discovered that a large part of this DNA contains various genomic elements that have important
roles in cell physiology. Genomic elements such as non-coding RNAs  transposons  splicing RNAs
DNA repeats and others were shown to play a significant role in regulating gene expression. In
addition  all these elements were implicated to contribute in the pathogenesis or progression
of various human diseases. In this book  the editor will attempt to describe all these genomic
elements that constitute the junk DNA of the genome. For every genomic element  the physiologic
role in the organism  its role in evolution and any possible involvement in human diseases will
be discussed. Additionally  interaction between these elements in normal or pathologic
condition will be discussed. Since a large amount of new knowledge is generated daily in
regards to these genomic elements  this book will attempt to combine all the information in a
single publication that can serve as a reference for future studies. The first part will
discuss RNA elements such as microRNAs  long non-coding RNAs  piRNAs and splicing RNAs. The
second part of the book will deal with transposons  retrotransposons and DNA transposons.
Finally the third part of the book will discuss DNA elements that include DNA repeats 
conserved non-coding sequences  distal genomic elements  introns  pseudogenes  CpG islands and
telomeres. For miRNAs and CNVs a separate chapter will be dedicated to their role in human
diseases since an extensive amount of information exists about these two elements.

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